Black Hole | The mysterious Science of Black Holes.

 What is Black Hole?

A black hole is region in space where gravity and Density are so strong. In these region Gravitational attraction is so much strong that even light cannot escape their grasp if it comes near enough. Here, the reason of Strong Gravity is just because of matter has been squeezed into tiny space. Black Hole exist when star dying.

Black Holes are invisible. Because no light can get out of it, People cannot see the Black Hole. Space telescopes with special tools can help find Black Holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to Black Holes act differently than other stars.

How Big can it be? And How is it form?

Black Hole can be a very small to very Big. Scientist thinks that a smallest size of Black Hole can be as the size of an atom, but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or "stuff," in an object. Astronomers have given the following types:

1.Stellar: Stellar Black Hole form when the center of very massive, dying star collapses in upon itself. This collapse may also cause a Supernova (An Exploding star), that blast outer part of star into the space. If the core remains very massive after the supernova, then core completely collapsed into the Black Hole with infinite Gravity.

Every star cannot become Black Hole, only stars with very large masses can become Black Holes. For example, our sun is not massive enough to become a black hole. Five billion years from now when the Sun runs out of the available nuclear fuel in its core, it will end its life as a white dwarf.

2.Supermassive: These Black Holes are supermassive millions to billions of times the mass of our Sun. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in. Astronomers do not have conclusive evidence about supermassive Black Holes.

How do Scientist Know that it is Black Hole

A Black Hole cannot be seen because a strong Gravitation pulls all of the light into the middle of the Black Holes. So, How Astronomers know about Black holes? Here, Answer is, they see the effect of strong gravity on another star, gas around the Black Holes. Astronomers can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting, a black hole. In next image, I am trying to show how an Astronomer research on a particular region of universe. In this image you can seen, all stars, gases and whole environment orbiting in the same direction. Here you can conclude that it is a Black Hole.

When a Black Hole and stars are close together, a high energy light produce. This energy cannot be seen by Human eyes. Scientist use Satellite, Telescope to see these high energy light.

Can Black Hole destroy Earth?

Black Hole do not go around in space eating Stars, moon, planets. Our Earth will not fall into a black hole because no Black Hole is close enough in the solar system for the Earth to do that. Scientists have discovered the closest Black Hole from our solar system which is about 1,500 light-years away from Earth.

Even if a black hole the same mass as the sun were to take the place of the sun, Earth still would not fall in. The black hole would have the same gravity as the sun. Earth and the other planets would orbit the black hole as they orbit the sun now.

The sun will never turn into a black hole. The sun is not a big enough star to make a black hole.

ISRO RESEARCHES ON BLACK HOLE

Recently, In Nov 2018 ISRO'S AstroSat and NASA'S Chandra X-Ray Observatory spotted a Special type of Black Hole. India's first dedicated astronomy satellite, the AstroSat spotted a black hole in the binary star system that's spinning closes to maximum speed possible. And NASA'S Chandra X-Ray Observatory confirmed the high spin rate. It's called Monster Black Hole due to it's high spin rate. Currently, Scientists have only two ways of measuring Black Holes - either by their mass or by their spin rate. And, a spin rate can be anywhere between 0 to 1. This Black Hole was Spinning at the rate of 0.9 which is somewhere ner to the maximum.

BLACK HOLE MYSTERY  Einstein's theory further implies that if a Black Hole spinning that fast, then it is capable of making space itself rotate. In fact, if the conditions around Black Holes are hypothesized to be correct, then the high spin rate couple with the gaseous elements entering the Black Hole and high temperatures, could be the key to understanding how GALAXIES are formed.